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Curricular Resources and Projects in the CVL

Biology

A mixture of undergraduate and high school students worked on a project to genetically alter the DNA polymerase from Thermus aquaticus to enhance its ability to utilize RNA as a template and therefore have reverse transcriptase activity. They started with a clone of the native DNA polymerase and decided to try site directed mutagenesis as one of several methods of accomplishing their goal.

In order to determine the sites to modify, they utilized RasMol, a three dimensional molecular imaging program available free via the internet. This allowed them to visualize and determine which amino acids where interacting with the DNA and therefore might be likely candidates to genetically alter. Similar structures of enzymes with native reverse transcriptase activity were compared to the Thermus aquaticus DNA polymerase.

Since not all of the students were familiar with RasMol, we set up a web site with Chime tutorials. Chime scripts allow us to utilize the interactive three dimensional aspects of RasMol with a directed script for the students to be guided in the right direction. The students find the visualization of ?invisible? molecules very enlightening, and the interactive capabilities of the software allow them to alter the images and rotate them to better grasp their three dimensional nature. The students found it helpful to have several Chime tutorials to help them visualize and understand molecular aspects of DNA, proteins, and the lipid bilayer structure as well as the DNA polymerase interactions described above. The students successfully created a modified DNA polymerase that demonstrated reverse transcriptase activity by the end of the course. see webpage = www.thermagen.net

Biochemistry

Structural Analysis of a Metabolic Enzyme: This activity provides an introduction to viewing protein structures with the program Protein Explorer.   Students answer questions about protein structural elements as well as active site interactions with the substrate. file to download = bchenzyme

Amino Acids Structures and Properties: Students discover amino acid structures using the program PC Spartan Plus.   Students are introduced only to the basic structure of an amino acid prior to this exercise.   Placing this activity prior to the discussion of amino acid function emphasizes the three-dimensional structures and chemical reactivities of the amino acids. file to download = bchaas

Polarity and Intermolecular Interactions: This activity is meant as a review during the first week of Biochemistry.   Students view previously constructed potential surfaces of a variety of small molecules.   Solubility and intermolecular interactions are also briefly reviewed. file to download = bchpolarity

General Chemistry

Molecular Modeling and Periodic Table Live: In this first-semester General Chemistry laboratory, students use Spartan to examine molecular structure and shape and then carry out exercises with the Periodic Table Live CD. file to download = chem101model

An Introduction to IR Spectroscopy: Students use the IR Tutor program to discover the basic principles of IR spectroscopy.   The IR Tutor program and group frequencies are also used to identify a solid and liquid unknown. file to download = chem101ir

An Introduction to Oxidation-Reduction Reactions: Spartan electron density surfaces are used to introduce first-semester General Chemistry students to oxidation-reduction reactions. By examining how the electron density around the atoms change from reactants to products, the electron transfer process can be understood. file to download = chem101redox

Molecular Modeling in Second Semester General Chemistry: An extensive Spartan exercise is used to illustrate concepts of electronegativity, orbital hybridization, molecular shape, and resonance.   This exercise was adapted from: G.P. Shusterman and A.J. Shusterman, Journal of Chemical Education, Vol. 74, No. 7, (1997). file to download = chem102model

Melting Points and Intermolecular Interactions: Second semester General Chemistry students build organic molecules in Spartan and also measure their melting points. Students also complete a short guided inquiry exercise on intermolecular interactions.   This exercise was adapted from:   T. Poon, S.A. Bodolosky, and C.M Norris, Journal of Chemical Education, 1999, 76, 983. file to download = chem102mp

Hydrogen Bonding in DNA: In this end of the semester independent project, second semester General Chemistry students use Spartan to investigate the hydrogen bonding interactions between base pairs in DNA. file to download = chem102project

Mathematics

The mathematics students at Carthage use the CVL to solve open-ended calculus and linear algebra projects. These projects require the students to use critical thinking skills and are exploratory and visual in nature with many different solutions/results possible. Each project results in a written report and/or presentation. The projects are completed individually or in a group based upon the type of project and/or class size. The projects include:

Polar Tesselation Tiles: file to download = PolarProject

Roller Coaster/Ski Slope Theme Park: file to download = CurvatureProject

Quadric Surface Design: file to download = QuadricProject

Container Design: file to download = ContainerProject

Related Rate Presentation:   file to download = Related

 Linear Algebra Project: file to download =

Physical Chemistry

An Introduction to Mathcad: The following exercise is completed during the first lab period of Physical Chemistry I.   The exercise introduces the students to the graphing and numerical analysis capabilities of Mathcad.   Important ideas from Calculus and Physics are also reviewed. file to download = pchemlab

First Semester Physical Chemistry: This document contains six Mathcad problems appropriate for first semester Physical Chemistry.   The problems concentrate on material covered early in the semester.file to download = pchem1

Second Semester Physical Chemistry: The following document contains 19 second semester physical chemistry problems.   Eighteen of the problems involve using Mathcad to graph, differentiate, or integrate functions.   One of the problems asks students to calculate moments of inertia from the results of a Spartan calculation. file to download =  pchem2

Physics

Spectral Classification of Stars: This project uses a Java applet to produce emission spectra of a range of main-sequence star. file to download = spectra

Sky Coordinates: This worksheet uses Starry Night software to explore equatorial coordinates in a simulated night sky. file to download = coordinates_wksht

Note1: Many of the existing astronomy labs at Carthage have been replaced or supplemented by CLEA (Contemporary Laboratory Exercises in Astronomy) software labs that take place in the CVL. The CLEA suite of activities was developed at Gettysburg College: http://www.gettysburg.edu/academics/physics/clea/CLEAhome.html

Crash: This worksheet is used in conjunction with Interactive Physics software in PHYS201/104. It explores the forces and accelerations of body parts during a simulated car crash with and without seatbelts.file to download = crash

Projectiles: This worksheet is used in conjunction with Interactive Physics software in PHYS201/203. Projectiles allows students to simulate 2-d projectile motion in an interactive vide-game format. file to download = projectiles

Launch: This worksheet is similar to the one given above, but concerns the acceleration profile of the space shuttle during the first two minutes of launch. file to download = launch

Ramp: This project simulates a standard Physics 201-202 homework problem. file to dowload = ramp

Falling Apples: This project simulates Newton 's Thought Experiments on falling apples and orbiting moons.file to download = wksht1

Orbits: This workshheet simulates the effect of posigrade and retrograde thrusts on spacecraft in orbit about Earth. file to download = wksht2

Hohmann: This project simulates the Hohmann transfer orbit dynamics for spacecraft traveling from Earth to Mars. file to download = wksht3